1970s 20世紀70年代

　　educated youth 知青

　　From the mid-1960s to the late-1970s, about 17 million urban middle school grads answered Mao's call and flocked to the countryside. They were encouraged to pay respect to and learn from the peasants. By 1979, most educated youth were heading back to the cities but they had a hard time adapting to the changed world.

　　60年代中期到70年代末，約1700萬城市中學畢業(yè)生響應毛主席的號召來到農(nóng)村。他們被告誡要尊敬農(nóng)民，向農(nóng)民學習。到了1979年，大多數(shù)知青返回城市。但是他們很難適應新的社會。

　　pull string 走后門

　　Literally, "entering through the back door". It originated under the planned economy when people used connections to get goods from the back door of a state-owned shop. This string-pulling reached a sort of climax in the late 1970s when the "educated youth" tried everything possible to get back to the cities.

　　“走后門”可直譯為"entering through the back door"。該詞源自計劃經(jīng)濟下人們利用自己的關(guān)系從國營商店的后門獲取商品這一行為。這種現(xiàn)象在70年代末知青絞盡腦汁返回城市時達到了高潮。

　　laowai 老外

　　“老外”直譯就是"old foreigner"。“老外”這一新詞出現(xiàn)在70年代末，改革開放后，大批外國人涌入中國。起初，該詞含有一種戲弄的口氣。如今，該詞多用為一種友好的昵稱。比如大山這種在中國居住、工作或?qū)W習時間較久，精通中國文化的外國人常被稱作an old China hand中國通。